Wenza ntoni ireyidi emotweni?

I. Intshayelelo

I-Automotive relayyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yombane yemoto.Zisebenza njengezitshixo ezilawula ukuhamba kwamandla ombane kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemoto, njengezibane, umoya wokupholisa umoya, kunye nophondo.I-Automotive relay inoxanduva lokulawula amanqanaba ombane, ukwalathisa imisinga yombane, kunye nokwenza imisebenzi enengqondo eyenza imoto ihambe kakuhle.Kweli nqaku, siza kubonelela ngesishwankathelo sento eyenziwa yi-relays emotweni, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhanjiswa, kunye nendlela yokuxilonga imiba eqhelekileyo kunye ne-automotive relay kwimoto.Ekupheleni kweli nqaku, uya kuba nokuqonda ngcono ukubaluleka kwe-automotive relay kwinkqubo yombane wemoto.

II.Wenza ntoni ireyidi emotweni?

Iireyilayi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yombane yemoto, ngakumbi xa kufikwa kulawulo lweesekethe ezihamba ngokuhambayo eziphezulu.Basebenza njengokutshintsha kombane, ukuvumela iisekethe eziphantsi zangoku ukuba zilawule imijikelezo ephezulu yokuhamba ngoku ukuze kunikwe amandla kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemoto.Ngokomzekelo, xa uvula i-headlight switch yakho, i-circuit yangoku ephantsi inika amandla i-coil ye-relay, eyenza i-magnetic field evala abafowunelwa be-relay, evumela amandla ombane ukuba ahambe kwizibane zentloko.

Ngokungafaniyo nokutshintsha, ii-relays zivumela ukulawulwa kweesekethe ezininzi kunye nokutshintsha okukodwa okanye imodyuli yokulawula.I-Relays inokuthi ivuleke ngokuqhelekileyo (NO) okanye ivalwe ngokuqhelekileyo (NC), kwaye ingasetyenziselwa uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, njengokulawula uphondo lwesithuthi.

I-Relays isebenza ngokusebenzisa isiphaluka solawulo ukwenza intsimi yamagnetic edonsa okanye etyhala isethi yabafowunelwa be-relay.Xa umbane uhamba, utsala abafowunelwa ndawonye, ​​​​ukuvumela amandla ombane ukuba ahambe.Xa i-coil i-de-energized, i-magnetic field iyawa, ivumela abafowunelwa ukuba bahlukane kwaye baphule uxhumano lombane.

Ngokubanzi, ii-relays zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yombane yemoto, evumela ukulawulwa kweesekethe ezininzi kunye nokutshintsha okukodwa okanye imodyuli yokulawula.

III.Iintlobo zokuhanjiswa kweemoto

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-automotive relay ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimoto.Nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zokuhanjiswa kunye nemisebenzi yazo:

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-relay evulekile (NO): Olu hlobo lwe-relay luvulekile xa ikhoyili ingenawo amandla, kwaye ivaliwe xa ikhoyili inikwe amandla.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulawula iisekethe ezihamba phambili ezihamba ngoku, ezifana nezibane zemoto okanye uphondo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-relay ivaliwe (NC): Olu hlobo lwe-relay luvaliwe xa ikhoyili ingenamandla, kwaye ivule xa ikhoyili inikwe amandla.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulawula iisekethe eziphantsi zokuhamba ngoku, ezifana nezo zifunyenwe kwi-remote switch okanye kwi-line switch.

I-Relay yokutshintsha: Olu hlobo lwe-relay luneseti ezimbini zoqhagamshelwano kwaye lunokusetyenziswa ukutshintshela phakathi kweesekethe ezimbini, kubandakanywa i-relay evulekileyo eqhelekileyo kunye ne-relay evaliweyo ngokuqhelekileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukulawula umoya wesithuthi okanye iimotor fan.

I-Single Pole Double Phosa (SPDT) relay: Olu hlobo lwe-relay inoqhagamshelwano oluqhelekileyo oluvulekileyo kunye nomfowunelwa oqhelekileyo ovaliweyo.Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukulawula ukuhamba kwamandla kwiinkqubo ze-DC, ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwiinjini zokuvuthela.

I-Micro relay: Olu hlobo lwe-relay yi-relay encinci esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiifestile ezizenzekelayo okanye izibane ezincedisayo.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-relay lusebenza ngokuhlukileyo kwaye lusetyenziselwa izicelo ezahlukeneyo kwimoto.Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhanjiswa kunye nemisebenzi yazo kunokunceda ukuxilonga imiba ngenkqubo yombane yemoto.

IV.Imiba eqhelekileyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kweemoto

Njengalo naliphi na icandelo lombane, iireyilayi zeemoto zinokungaphumeleli okanye zibe neengxaki.Nantsi imiba eqhelekileyo ngokuhanjiswa kweemoto:

Ukungaphumeleli kwe-relay: Ngokuhamba kwexesha, abafowunelwa kwii-relays zekhefu banokuguga okanye bonakaliswe, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungaphumelelini.I-relay embi ingabangela imiba eyahlukahlukeneyo, njengesekethe engasebenziyo, ukusebenza kwamaxesha athile, okanye umonakalo kwamanye amacandelo kwinkqubo yombane wemoto.

I-Voltage spikes: Xa i-relay icinyiwe, umhlaba wemagnethi uyawa kwaye unokuvelisa i-voltage spike kwisekethe.Le spike yombane inokonakalisa amanye amacandelo kwisekethe, njengemodyuli yokulawula okanye i-coil relay ngokwayo.

Ke, kwenzeka ntoni xa i-relay ihamba kakubi?Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisekethe ethile kunye nesicelo, kodwa ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zogqithiso olubi ziquka:

Isekethe engasebenziyo: Ukuba i-relay yemoto iyasilela, isekethe eyilawulayo inokuyeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

Ukusebenza okwethutyana: I-relay embi inokubangela ukuba isekethe isebenze manqaphanqapha okanye phantsi kweemeko ezithile.

Ukucofa isandi: Xa isilayidi senziwe amandla, kufuneka sivelise isandi esivakalayo sokucofa.Ukuba i-relay iyasilela, inokuvelisa isandi sokucofa ngokuqhubekayo okanye hayi kwaphela.velisa i

Uqhagamshelwano olutshisiweyo okanye olunyibilikisiweyo: Kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, i-relay embi inokubangela ukuba abafowunelwa batshise okanye bancibilike, okukhokelela kumonakalo kwamanye amacandelo kwisekethe.

Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa kweereyilayi kunokunceda ukuthintela imiba kunye nokuyibamba kwangethuba.

V. Indlela yokuxilonga i-relay embi kwimoto

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba i-relay kwimoto yakho imbi, kukho amanyathelo ambalwa onokuthi uwathathe ukuxilonga umba:

Mamela xa ucofa:

Xa uvula icandelo elilawulwa yi-relay, njengezibane zangaphambili okanye i-air conditioning, mamela isandi esicofayo esivela kwi-relay yekhefu.Esi sandi sibonisa ukuba i-relay inikwa amandla kwaye kufuneka isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Jonga ifyuzi:

Ngaphambi kokuvavanya i-relay ngokwayo, khangela i-fuse yesiphaluka esilawulayo.I-fuse evuthelweyo inokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo kwi-relay embi.

Tshintshiselana ngereyiti elungileyo eyaziwayo: 

Ukuba unomnye umkhusane kwimoto yakho oyaziyo ukuba isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, yitshintshe nomrhanelwa.Ukuba icandelo liqala ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, uchonge i-relay ephosakeleyo.

Vavanya nge-multimeter:

Ukuba une-multimeter, unokuvavanya i-relay ngokuthe ngqo.Cwangcisa i-multimeter kwi-ohms setting kwaye uthinte iiprobes kubafowunelwa be-relay.Kuya kufuneka ubone ukufundwa kwee-ohms zero xa i-relay inamandla kunye nokuchasana okungapheliyo xa kungenjalo.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo, unokuxilonga i-relay embi kwimoto yakho kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okuyibuyisela okanye uthenge i-relay efanayo ngaphambi kokuba ibangele umonakalo.

VI.Yintoni ebangela ukuba i-relay ingaphumeleli?

Iireyiyidi ziyilelwe ukuba zomelele kwaye zihlale ixesha elide, kodwa zisenokusilela ekuhambeni kwexesha.Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokusilela kwe-relay:

Ubudala:

Njengazo zonke izixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezombane, iireyilayi ezininzi ekugqibeleni ziya kuphelelwa lixesha.Okukhona kusetyenziswa i-relay, kokukhona kuya kusilela.

Ukuba sesichengeni kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu:

Iireyiyi zemoto zihlala zibekwe kwindawo yenjini, apho zinokuthi zibe sesichengeni sobushushu obuphezulu.Ngokuhamba kwexesha, obu bushushu bunokubangela ukuba amacandelo e-relay aphuke kwaye angaphumeleli.

Amandla ombane:

I-Voltage spikes, enokuthi yenzeke xa i-relay ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe, inokonakalisa abafowunelwa be-relay kwaye ibangele ukuba ingaphumeleli.

Ukulayisha ngaphezulu:

Ukuba i-relay isetyenziselwa ukulawula isiphaluka esitsala kakhulu ngoku, sinokutshisa kwaye singaphumeleli.

Ukufakela kakubi:

Ukuba i-relay ayifakwanga ngokuchanekileyo, inokonakala okanye isilele ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kwe-relay, kubalulekile ukulandela la macebiso:

Sebenzisaiireyidi ezikumgangatho ophezulu:

Ukukhetha i-relay ekumgangatho ophezulu inganceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iya kuhlala ixesha elide kwaye isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Gcina ukuhanjiswa kupholile: 

Nanini na kunokwenzeka, faka iilayidi kwindawo apho ziya kuchanabeka kubushushu obuncinane.

Sebenzisa iireyidi ezifanelekileyo kwisekethe:

Qinisekisa ukuba ukhetha i-relay enezinga eliphezulu ngokwaneleyo langoku ukuphatha isiphaluka esiya kulawula.

Landela iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokufakela: 

Qinisekisa ukuba ulandela imiyalelo yomenzi xa ufaka i-relay ukuphepha ukuyonakalisa.

Ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso, unokunceda ukuthintela ukusilela kombane kwaye uqinisekise ukuba inkqubo yombane yemoto yakho isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiminyaka ezayo.

VII.Ukuqukumbela

Ukuqukumbela, ukuhanjiswa kweemoto kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiimoto.Zisebenza njengezitshixo ezilawula amanqanaba ombane kwaye zisebenzise amacandelo ahlukeneyo esithuthi, njengezibane zangaphambili, iimoto zokuvuthela, kunye ne-air conditioning.

Sixoxe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhanjiswa kweemoto, kubandakanywa iireyilayi eziqhelekileyo ezivulekileyo, iirelays eziqhelekileyo ezivaliweyo, iirelays ezitshintshileyo, kunye nee-micro relays.Sikwaqaqambise imiba eqhelekileyo enokuthi ivele ngeereyiyidi, ezifana ne-voltage spikes kunye nokusilela, kwaye sinikezele ngeengcebiso zokuxilonga kunye nokuthintela le miba.

Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokuhanjiswa kweemoto, abafundi banokubhekisa kwimithombo efana nedatadata yomenzi okanye banxibelelane nengcali yeemoto ethembekileyo.Kubalulekile ukuba ube nokuqonda okusisiseko kweereyiyi zemoto ukuze uqinisekise ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yombane yemoto yakho.